好好瑟1001
发表于 2010-7-3 15:47:00
黄胜祥
发表于 2010-7-3 16:16:00
<font size="4">应该找一个有效的途径去制止!其他事情也是这样,当合法权利受到侵害时,应当找有效的途径去维护!如果有外力侵犯而无力制止,那只能说明自治区里面的人个个都是手无寸铁,手上毫无权力可言!</font>
王柏惠
发表于 2010-7-3 16:20:00
要是实在想刻,欢迎到我家后山刻,嘿嘿,看你愿不愿意!别去玷污花山。
pcy109
发表于 2010-7-3 16:45:00
<p>如今的“砖家”上侧所拉尿都会碰上几个!</p><p>最可恶的是,有良心的、说话讲良心的“砖家”又几乎绝种!</p><p></p>
度莫
发表于 2010-7-3 13:11:00
<p><strong><font size="4">俺所反对的,并不仅仅是刻“龙”字。</font></strong></p><p><strong><font size="4">在有着古老历史骆越文化的左江山崖上,刻上“蛇”“鬼”什么的,俺也一样反对!</font></strong></p>
勒布巴哈
发表于 2010-7-3 12:26:00
<p><font color="#230e7b" size="4">如果这样,我也支持----看了楼主的文章,我至今才明白,原来,龙,是壮族先民古百越人发明的崇拜图腾。特别要求:请楼主把你的大文发到各个汉网上去宣传,为壮我民族风威作贡献,好让中国其他民族记住,龙,是我壮民族的发明专利,这是毋容置疑的!对其他民族的剽窃行为,愤怒声讨!</font></p>
粤西土著
发表于 2010-7-3 13:56:00
<p><font size="4">楼主是专家,学识方面我们小辈岂敢多嘴。但我仍坚持反对在岜莱(花山)附近的悬崖上刻一个巨大突兀的“龙”字。</font></p><p><font size="4">1,楼主所说毕竟是一家之言,其科学性尚未得到普遍认可。就算壮族先民曾崇拜过龙蛇,到如今已经不存在这个崇拜,而且多数人一致认为传统龙文化起源于中原。若强行刻龙,势必造成外来文化打压本土文化,外来文化与土著文化难以兼容的局面。</font></p><p><font size="4">2,哪怕是刻壮族的图腾,巨大突兀的字体或图像必定造成景观失衡,破坏和谐。</font></p><p><font size="4">3,崇左岜莱(花山)目前正在申请世界文化遗产,这是比国家级文化遗产更高级别的世界级也是最高级别的文化遗产。世界文化遗产中国已经有23项,分布于北京、山东、安徽等地,广西目前还没有一项。本来岜莱(花山)具备了一定实力,若新近又在附近刻个大“龙”,不用说,申遗一定大受影响。所以,这个“龙”实在不能刻!</font></p><br/>
[此贴子已经被作者于2010-7-3 14:01:32编辑过]
大溪連山
发表于 2010-7-3 15:16:00
不管怎样,不同意就是不同意,不支持就是不支持
了了了
发表于 2010-7-3 14:25:00
<p>反对的是在文物保护区刻龙、影响文物完整性、不利文物保护的行为,反对理由跟族群关系及历史来源没有关系!</p><p></p>
土人香草
发表于 2010-7-3 14:47:00
严重同意粤西土著的说法.
蛊毒
发表于 2010-7-3 08:39:00
<h3 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><a name="_Toc169944421"></a><a name="_Toc161051554"></a><a name="_Toc160956820"></a><a name="_Toc160896315"></a><a name="_Toc160808292"></a><a name="_Toc160773547"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc160808292;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc160896315;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc160956820;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc161051554;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc169944421;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-hansi-font-family: 黑体;">2.</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc161051554;"></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc160956820;"></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc160896315;"></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc160808292;"></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc160773547;"></span><a name="_Toc161051555"></a><a name="_Toc160956821"></a><a name="_Toc160896316"></a><a name="_Toc160808293"></a><a name="_Toc160773548"></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc160773548;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc160808293;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc160896316;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc160956821;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc161051555;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc169944421;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 黑体;">把龙蛇和鳄鱼奉为老祖宗和承认自己为其子孙,既与祖先崇拜有联系,又与蛇和鳄鱼崇拜有联系,是百越民族中的<span style="COLOR: black;">西瓯</span>骆越文化的典型</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 黑体;"><p></p></span></h3><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">龙的原始图形是什么?现在学术界公认的关于龙的原形的来源最主要的说法是<span style="COLOR: black;">蛇</span>原型学说和鳄鱼原型学说两种。<span style="COLOR: black;">蛇</span>原型学说有历史文献记载而鳄鱼原型学说十分少见,如《史记?外戚世家第十九》有曰:“蛇化为龙,不变其文;家化为国,不变其姓。”而<span style="COLOR: black;">祈</span>庆富则<span style="COLOR: black;">持</span>龙为鳄鱼说,他认为“最早的‘龙’就是鳄鱼,传说时代的‘<span style="COLOR: black;">豢</span>龙’就是人工驯养的鳄鱼”<span lang="EN-US"></span>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">最早从学术的角度论述<span style="COLOR: black;">龙</span>由来于蛇的学者是闻一多<span lang="EN-US"></span>。闻一多用古文字学、语言学的研究方法,列举了许多古文献的论据,同时采用了当时新兴的民族学、民俗学的方法和研究成果,认为历史上曾经存在过崇拜被称为龙的某种大蛇的图腾<span style="COLOR: black;">团族</span>,这一集团后来“吸收了许多别的形形色色的图腾<span style="COLOR: black;">团族</span>,大蛇这才接受了兽类的四脚,马的头,<span style="COLOR: black;">鬣</span>的尾,鹿的角,狗的爪,鱼的鳞和须……于是便成为我们现在所知道的龙了”。闻一多从图腾的角度主张作为合成兽的龙是以<span style="COLOR: black;">蛇</span>为基调而创造出来的<span lang="EN-US"></span>。闻一多之后李岳南<span lang="EN-US"></span>、李<span style="COLOR: black;">埏</span><span lang="EN-US"></span>、刘城<span style="COLOR: black;">维</span><span lang="EN-US"></span>、钟敬文<span lang="EN-US"></span>、王维<span style="COLOR: black;">堤</span><span lang="EN-US"></span>、王明达<span lang="EN-US"></span><span style="COLOR: black;">等</span>根据新的资料和不同的论点试图发展<span style="COLOR: black;">蛇</span>原型学说。刘城维和王明达则主张龙的原型是与<span style="COLOR: black;">蛇</span>同为爬行动物的鳄鱼。王明达认为鳄鱼才是龙的真正原型,龙的观念最早产生于信仰鳄鱼的南方民族中,这种观念后世传播到了中原地区。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">把龙蛇和鳄鱼奉为老祖宗和承认自己为其子孙,<span style="COLOR: black;">既与祖先崇拜有联系,又与蛇和鳄鱼崇拜有联系,</span>是百越民族文化的典型。如《说文解字》记载说越人<span style="COLOR: black;">是蛇</span>种:“闽,东南越<span style="COLOR: black;">,蛇</span>种,<span style="COLOR: black;">从虫</span>门声。”《太平御览》卷</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">一七○:“<span style="COLOR: black;">闽州越</span>地,即古东<span style="COLOR: black;">瓯</span>,今建州<span style="COLOR: black;">亦</span>其地,<span style="COLOR: black;">皆蛇</span>种。”《逸周书.王会解》说:成周之会,“东越<span style="COLOR: black;">海蛤,欧人蝉蛇,蝉蛇顺</span>食之美,于<span style="COLOR: black;">越纳姑妹珍</span>,<span style="COLOR: black;">且瓯文蜃</span>,共<span style="COLOR: black;">人玄贝</span>,海阳<span style="COLOR: black;">大蟹</span>,<span style="COLOR: black;">自深</span>桂会稽以……”马王堆三号汉墓出土的《地形图》和《驻军图》上标有特殊的<span style="COLOR: black;">乡</span>里<span style="COLOR: black;">级</span>居民点<span style="COLOR: black;">如</span>蛇<span style="COLOR: black;">君</span>、<personname wst="on" productid="雷">雷</personname><span style="COLOR: black;">君、垒君</span>、部,以及<span style="COLOR: black;">“蛇障</span>、<span style="COLOR: black;">蛇上</span>(里)、蛇下里”等,这里的<span style="COLOR: black;">蛇君</span>所指的就是汉王朝通过长沙国在湘南民族地区设置、利用少数民族首领统治其民众的、相当于乡里级的行政区划名称,<span style="COLOR: black;">是岭</span>北岭南的越人的居地,以他们的图腾物来标注地名</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">古百越民族先民的<span style="COLOR: black;">拜蛇</span>龙之风往往是通过断发文身的习俗来表现。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">关于越人对<span style="COLOR: black;">文身</span>内涵的认识,史籍也多有记载。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">《礼记</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">?</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">王制篇》曰:“东方曰夷,被发<span style="COLOR: black;">纹身</span>,<span style="COLOR: black;">有不火食者矣。</span>南方曰蛮,雕题</span><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">交趾</span></strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,<span style="COLOR: black;">有不火食者矣。</span>”汉代刘安《淮南子》也载越人“文其身刻画其体,内<span style="COLOR: black;">墨</span>其中,如蛟龙之状,以入水,蛟龙不害也,故曰以象<span style="COLOR: black;">麟虫</span>也。”高<span style="COLOR: black;">诱</span>注解说:“文身,刻画其体,<span style="COLOR: black;">内墨其中,</span>为<span style="COLOR: black;">蛇</span>龙之状,以入水,蛟龙不害也。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">故曰以象鳞虫也</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">”。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">南方多为水乡泽国,百姓每天都要与水打交道,被各种水中动物冲击和威胁也是颇为常见的,将自己装扮成水中动物之形,而避免伤害或少受伤害,这是原始初民的自然而然想法。此外,他们又笃信神灵,认为水中遭灾或遇难多为水神作怪,而作为水神之王“龙”也自然是人们的膜拜对象。他们把自己扮成想象中的水神“龙”的形象,也是极其自然的事<span lang="EN-US"></span>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">壮族作为百越民族<span style="COLOR: black;">西瓯、</span>骆越先民的后裔,其<span style="COLOR: black;">文身</span>也渊源久远。《尔雅》说壮族先民“黥面<span style="COLOR: black;">绣额</span>,为花草、蜻蜓、<span style="COLOR: black;">蛾</span>蝶之状<span lang="EN-US">”</span>。《太平寰宇记》在言及宋代<span style="COLOR: black;">邕</span>州左、右江各州的壮族先民时说<span lang="EN-US">:</span>“其百姓<span style="COLOR: black;">悉</span>是<span style="COLOR: black;">雕</span>题,<span style="COLOR: black;">凿</span>齿,画面,<span style="COLOR: black;">纹身</span>”。后代史志对此亦多有记载。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p>
蛊毒
发表于 2010-7-3 08:40:00
<h3 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><a name="_Toc169944422"></a><a name="_Toc161051556"></a><a name="_Toc160956822"></a><a name="_Toc160896317"></a><a name="_Toc160808294"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc160896317;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc160956822;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc161051556;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc169944422;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-hansi-font-family: 黑体;">3.</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc160808294;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc160896317;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc160956822;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc161051556;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc169944422;"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-hansi-font-family: 黑体;">在大明山周围的桂中地区有龙蛇图腾崇拜的民间传说,以及与“盘古之君,龙首蛇身”之说如出一辙的龙首蛇身石雕像,从图腾标准来看,说明大明山盘古神话显然出自正宗</span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-hansi-font-family: 黑体;"><p></p></span></h3><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">关于<span style="COLOR: black;">蛇</span>是如何演变为龙的?清人屈大均在《广东新语》有这样的解释:“西<span style="COLOR: black;">粤</span>土司,<span style="COLOR: black;">凡</span>蚺蛇过三十丈皆称<span style="COLOR: black;">龙</span>。”《粤西丛载》云:“<span style="COLOR: black;">蛇</span>过三十丈者为龙”。另外,《述异记》也云:“</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">虺</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">五百年化为<span style="COLOR: black;">蛟</span>,</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">蛟</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">千年化为龙,龙五百年化为角龙,千年化为应龙。”按以上说法,显然,按照排名顺序,古代中国龙的发展顺序是:蛇——</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">虺</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">——蛟——</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">龙——角龙——应龙。这与《淮南子.地形训》的说法有一点相异,即《淮南子.地形训》仅认为古代中国存在四种<span style="COLOR: black;">龙</span>——飞龙、应龙、蛟龙、先<span style="COLOR: black;">龙</span>。</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">四种龙以飞龙地位最高,其次是应龙。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">总之,历史文献记载</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">反映了壮族先民对蛇的观察素有大者为龙,小者称蛇的习惯,并且不同的年龄的龙其称谓不同。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">在庆远、柳州一带即广西北部地区,龙王崇拜尤为兴旺。乾隆《庆远府志》卷二《坛庙》记载庆远府宜山县<span lang="EN-US">(</span>即今宜山市<span lang="EN-US">)</span>有龙王庙,“在府学东,旧有天庆观,<span style="COLOR: black;">元元贞</span>间改名元<span style="COLOR: black;">妙</span>,<span style="COLOR: black;">扁题</span>廖阳<span style="COLOR: black;">殿</span>著,宋致和年号,相传<span style="COLOR: black;">柱盘二</span>木龙</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">……</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">俗</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">呼龙<span style="COLOR: black;">庙</span>,乾隆初宜令杨师<span style="COLOR: black;">游祷</span>雨有应,建小亭,树下<span style="COLOR: black;">祀</span>龙神,后腹建庙于树前,本<span style="COLOR: black;">树益</span>大,<span style="COLOR: black;">旧柱</span>包裹将口口一奇观<span style="COLOR: black;">巳</span>。”乾隆《柳州府志》卷十七《坛庙》记载柳州有龙王庙,“在小南门外,乾隆九年里<span style="COLOR: black;">民</span>重修。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">现在在广西壮族民间口传故事中就是龙蛇并称,对龙蛇的崇拜也很突出。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">在广西<span style="COLOR: black;">环</span>大明山地区的武鸣、马山、上林、宾阳四县及其周围地区如</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">平</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">果、隆安、天等、大化、都安、<span style="COLOR: black;">忻</span>城等</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">流传有蛇化为龙的民间传说故事。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">故事的大意是,有一老妇(是</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">寡妇,人称“<span style="COLOR: black;">乜掘</span>”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)在外面捡到小蛇,后把蛇养起来,后来为了使它长大,便砍断了蛇的尾巴,人称“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">特<span style="COLOR: black;">掘</span>”</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">
<span lang="EN-US">Daeggud</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">,</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">壮</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">话是秃尾巴的男子),老妇过世时,<span style="COLOR: black;">“</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">特<span style="COLOR: black;">掘</span>”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">由蛇化为龙回来为老妇守灵、出殡,</span><font face="Times New Roman">
</font><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">并</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">把老妇<span style="COLOR: black;">葬</span>到大明山顶上(具体的位置就在大明山的龙头山上,从现在大明山上的观日山庄——大明山观日出的最佳地点往南方望去,可以看见主峰龙头山—<span style="COLOR: black;">—</span>所<span style="COLOR: black;">谓</span>的<span style="COLOR: black;">龙</span>母<span style="COLOR: black;">坟</span>耸立南边,连绵群峰犹如蟠龙起舞),以后每年三月三还给老妇扫墓</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">拜山</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">) </font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。这个故事就是</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">有名的“特<span style="COLOR: black;">掘</span>扫墓”<span style="COLOR: black;">的</span>故事。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">由于“特<span style="COLOR: black;">掘</span>扫墓”的故事是一则传统的民间故事。故而在对它的解读上不应该用神话研究常用的方法。众所周知,神话和故事的研究在方法上大有不同。神话是人类童年时期的产物,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">神话中人类借助想象和幻想征服自然和支配自然,其中蕴含着大量蒙昧时代人类的文化信息,表现的是原始人类在“万物有灵”观念指导下的奇思妙想,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">必须将其置于原始文化的视野下才能对其有所认识或了解。而对故事的研究重点却应该放在对其所表现的理性意识上,而断不可完全从原始思维的角度去考察</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"></font></span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">在 “特<span style="COLOR: black;">掘</span>扫墓”的故事里,“<span style="COLOR: black;">乜掘</span>”是寡妇,而寡妇的厄运直接就是“无后”。她们老死之后,无人祭祀,就成了“饿鬼”,多么凄凉!故事就让“特<span style="COLOR: black;">掘</span>”这类精灵充当了尽孝的儿子,为老死的妇人出殡, 把“<span style="COLOR: black;">乜掘</span>”抬上大明山埋藏,并每年都来扫墓。在当地人来看是尽了孝道<span lang="EN-US"></span>。什么是孝道?《论语?为政》载孟懿子问孝,孔子回答说“无<span style="COLOR: black;">违</span>”,事后又解释说:“生,事之以礼;死,葬之以礼,祭之以礼。” “特<span style="COLOR: black;">掘</span>”身上,凝聚了东方民族特别看重传宗接代的文化传统观念。这个故事想要表达的意思是,居住在大明山周围的壮族群众历来把大明山当作宇宙<span style="COLOR: black;">山</span>或祖宗神山看待,人死后灵魂都要归于大明山,即“魂归<span style="COLOR: black;">岜社</span>(大明山)”。现代居住在大明山周围的壮族群众历来把大明山当作宇宙<span style="COLOR: black;">山</span>或祖宗神山看待。在大明山周围的人们对老人表孝道最常用的一句话就是“<span lang="EN-US">dai <span style="COLOR: black;">cij</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>ram<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="COLOR: black;">hwnj</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="COLOR: black;">Bya</span>
<span style="COLOR: black;">cwx</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="COLOR: black;">bae</span></span>”,即“人老死后抬上大明山埋藏”,当地的壮族群众在人死后都要请师公和道公前来念经举行葬礼,把死者灵魂送归祖宗神山大明山,此即所谓“魂归<span style="COLOR: black;">岜社</span>(大明山)”。民间相传大明山“天<span style="COLOR: black;">坪</span>”是壮族古老的鬼神妖怪和神仙经常聚集成<span style="COLOR: black;">圩</span>的地方。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 19pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">民间口传故事每每虚幻而生动,但是在现实的历史上,“特<span style="COLOR: black;">掘</span>扫墓”的故事在俗世中也有着具象的影子。你看,<span style="COLOR: black;">在 “特掘扫墓”的故事里,</span>“特<span style="COLOR: black;">掘</span>”是主角,“<span style="COLOR: black;">乜掘</span>”是配角,主角“特<span style="COLOR: black;">掘</span>”在配角“<span style="COLOR: black;">乜掘</span>”的关照下,由蛇化为龙,“特<span style="COLOR: black;">掘</span>”的主角特色由始至终都被强调着,并煞有介事的具有</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">鲜明的地域色彩</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">:武鸣罗波镇的布凌村有龙<span style="COLOR: black;">垌</span>,传说是“特<span style="COLOR: black;">掘</span>”成龙之地。在武鸣县的罗波<span style="COLOR: black;">镇</span>有罗波潭、上林县<span style="COLOR: black;">塘红</span>乡的石门村有石南海(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">这个<span lang="EN-US">“</span>海<span lang="EN-US">”</span>的水面约<span lang="EN-US">60</span>亩,海底冒出清澈的两大喷泉,静静地流淌出一条<span lang="EN-US">20</span>米宽的小河,灌溉河畔的良田,流向珠江入海)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">,这两个潭底据说都是“特<span style="COLOR: black;">掘</span>”的<span style="COLOR: black;">龙宫水府</span>,正可印证了《管子.形势》<span lang="EN-US">:</span>“蛟龙得水<span style="COLOR: black;">而</span>神可<span style="COLOR: black;">立</span>也”的说法。武鸣县两江镇<span style="COLOR: black;">合耸</span>村后大山谷石壁间据说也有“特<span style="COLOR: black;">掘</span>”庙。与龙有关的地名也相当多:如大明山东南方的龙湖,大明山东麓的大龙洞、大龙湖,以大明山主峰命名的、大明山脉东南部分的龙山自然保护区,都和龙的文化内涵息息相关<span lang="EN-US"></span><span style="COLOR: black;">。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 19pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">人首蛇身的例子,有现代出土文物可以作为佐证,如山东济宁地区嘉祥县武氏祠汉代画像石刻<span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="COLOR: black;">西壁首</span>图就是伏羲女娲造像,蛇身人首盘结而立。而龙首蛇身的盘古一<span style="COLOR: black;">神</span>有没有现代出土文物作为佐证呢?在别的地方没有发现,但是在大明山周围却有着令人称奇的发现,当地到处都有龙首蛇身的图腾石雕像,村民把这种龙首蛇身的图腾石雕像视为龙神来崇拜,对龙神的崇拜成为大明山文化的主要精髓和灵魂。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 19pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">如在大明山西南麓<span style="COLOR: black;">的</span>武鸣县两江镇龙<span style="COLOR: black;">母</span>村的石雕像用整块石头雕刻而成,高约<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="米" sourcevalue="1" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US">1</span>米</chmetcnv>,整体如一只大蟒蛇(图5)。当地人把这龙首蛇身的图腾石雕像称为“特<span style="COLOR: black;">掘</span>”,即秃尾龙。石雕刻<span style="COLOR: black;">琢</span>随意,<span style="COLOR: black;">形象</span>高<span style="COLOR: black;">古</span>,用刀圆润,无棱无角,具有明代石刻风格<span lang="EN-US"></span><span style="COLOR: black;">。</span>另外,据调查,在大明山的东麓上林县,</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">只要在河流上建石拱桥的,桥<span style="COLOR: black;">上必蛇</span>首秃尾的蛇神像,以<span style="COLOR: black;">作镇桥</span>之用,<span style="COLOR: black;">而蛇</span>首都面向石南海。过去村村寨寨都有龙<span style="COLOR: black;">犬</span>石雕,头部像蛇首,身像狗,<span style="COLOR: black;">尾</span>像蛇,立在村口或是祖坟前,作镇邪之用。在<span lang="EN-US">“</span>文革<span lang="EN-US">”</span>中要<span style="COLOR: black;">扫</span>一切牛鬼蛇神的浪潮中,龙<span style="COLOR: black;">犬</span>石雕多被毁掉,但也有幸存的离石南海<span style="COLOR: black;">仅</span>四里地的长<span style="COLOR: black;">帅村</span>。另外,</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">从石门到周安到<span style="COLOR: black;">红</span>水河边以及<span style="COLOR: black;">忻</span>城县城,一路也都有龙首蛇身的图腾石雕像,而且龙首蛇身的图腾石雕像的朝向都是面向大明山。如在距离石门<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="公里" sourcevalue="2" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="3" tcsc="1">两公里</chmetcnv>处的石南海故道的双好桥上,有两个似龙非龙、<span style="COLOR: black;">似凤非</span>凤的石刻蛇头,秃尾,面朝“<span style="COLOR: black;">敢仙</span>”方向;在蓝干河边的龙祥村长<span style="COLOR: black;">帅庄</span>,该庄的庄前、<span style="COLOR: black;">庄</span>后也分别保存有一只石刻蛇头,蛇脖子上挂有一只葫芦。周安村<span style="COLOR: black;">的增福庄</span>,也有两只蛇头,一只胸前刻有“泰山石敢当”,一只刻有“龙<span style="COLOR: black;">狗</span>飞凤石”的字样。在周安的横山桥、周安桥、永吉<span style="COLOR: black;">桥</span>,也都分别刻有两只似龙非龙、似蛇非蛇的头像,这和壮族“龙即是<span style="COLOR: black;">蛇</span>,<span style="COLOR: black;">蛇</span>即是龙”的观点相通<span lang="EN-US"></span><span style="COLOR: black;">。</span><span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p>
蛊毒
发表于 2010-7-3 08:40:00
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">在大明山周围有如此之多的由蛇化为龙的民间传说故事和实物的龙首蛇身图腾石雕像,这与文献记载的“盘<personname wst="on" productid="古之">古之</personname>君,龙首蛇身” 如出一辙,由此,笔者推断,这个所谓的“<span style="COLOR: black;">特掘</span>”其实就是以盘古为原型。<span style="COLOR: black;">在大明山周围的桂中地区有龙蛇图腾崇拜的民间传说,以及与“盘古之君,</span>龙首蛇身”之说如出一辙的龙首蛇身石雕像</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">等等造型,正相互辉映,都象征着<span style="COLOR: black;">西瓯、</span>骆越的盘古崇拜信仰。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">遍查</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">全国盘古神话流传区的神话传说和出土实物,唯有大明山周围地区有由<span style="COLOR: black;">蛇</span>化龙的传说故事,并有与传说故事配套的实物“特<span style="COLOR: black;">掘</span>”(盘古)龙首蛇身石雕像,并</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">处处显示出其图腾身份,</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">这些与明代董斯张《广博物志》卷九引《五<span style="COLOR: black;">运</span>历年纪》所云: “盘<personname wst="on" productid="古之">古之</personname>君,龙首蛇身”之说如出一辙。出土实物与历史文献记载相印证,说明</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">具有</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">龙首蛇身图腾石雕像特征</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的大明山盘古神话显然正宗。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><p></p></span></p>
蛊毒
发表于 2010-7-3 08:44:00
<h3 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 黑体;">以大明山为中心的桂中地区大量建有崇拜龙神的庙宇和盘古庙<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></h3><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">经实地调查,在来宾市所辖的象州、武宣、兴<span style="COLOR: black;">宾</span>、<span style="COLOR: black;">忻</span>城等区、县,贵港市所辖的桂平市,柳州市所辖的柳州市区及柳江、<span style="COLOR: black;">融</span>安、鹿寨等县,贺州市所辖的八步镇,已发现</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">42</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">座盘古庙。这些庙宇主要是根据当地文化部门提供的线索前往考察,并非是全面普查。所以,<span style="COLOR: black;">昔</span>桂林郡区域修建或保存的盘古庙远远不止此数。在广西的临桂、灵川、义宁、修仁、罗城、全州、贺州、富川、钟山、平乐、荔浦、金秀、柳江、柳州、贵港、<span style="COLOR: black;">忻</span>城、岑溪、南丹、宜州、融水、苍梧、百色、宾阳、灵山等地,目前都还保存有盘古庙</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"></font></span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">凡是有盘古庙的地方,每年都举行隆重的祭祀盘古活动。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">首先,数量如此众多、分布如此广泛的盘古庙,堪称全国之冠,说明历史上两广地区以盘古神话和盘古信仰为核心,以盘古祠庙为载体构成的以盘古文化为标志的“盘古国”存在的真实性;其次是在<span style="COLOR: black;">昔</span>桂林郡地共发现近</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">40</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">座盘古庙,其中仅武宣一县就有</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">26</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">座之多,特别是在武宣县东乡镇的东乡河沿岸,几乎村村都建有盘古庙,地理上相连成片。其盘古庙数量如此之多,分布如此密集,同样为全国其他地方所未见。正是这些实证资料,印证了<span style="COLOR: black;">任</span>昉《述异记》记载的真实性和可信性</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"></font></span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 31.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">据中央民族大学蓝多民教授的调查,在宋、明代年间,</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在上林县石门村的几个村庄,分别为蓝、韦、覃、谭、黄几大姓的乡亲,都称“特<span style="COLOR: black;">掘</span>”<span style="COLOR: black;">和“乜掘</span>”为他们的祖<span style="COLOR: black;">先,壮话为“</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">miuz daeggud</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"> 意为<span style="COLOR: black;">“特掘庙</span>”,</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">争了几百年之后各姓氏来一个大妥协,在山坡上共同为<span style="COLOR: black;">“</span>特<span style="COLOR: black;">掘</span>”<span style="COLOR: black;">和“乜掘</span>”立庙,用<span style="COLOR: black;">谐音起庙</span>名<span style="COLOR: black;">,</span>称<span style="COLOR: black;">庙</span>公<span style="COLOR: black;">周</span></span><span style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“</span><font face="Times New Roman"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">Miuz</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"> gon<span style="COLOR: black;">g caeuh</span></span></font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">”,<span style="COLOR: black;">即公周庙</span>,</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">按照当<span style="COLOR: black;">地的壮话</span>意思叫“我们的老祖宗庙”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">是各姓氏的共同祖先,历代香火鼎盛(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">蓝多民:</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">至高无上的壮族女神<span style="COLOR: black;">——龙母</span>,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">http://bbs.shanglin.net/</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">上林网</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">以上说的是在大明山的东麓有盘古庙的情况。其实,在大明山的西南麓也一样有盘古庙。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">武鸣罗波<span style="COLOR: black;">潭</span>在清代<span style="COLOR: black;">叫</span>龙<span style="COLOR: black;">窟</span>,传说是“特<span style="COLOR: black;">掘</span>”的龙宫。<span style="COLOR: black;">罗波潭旁边有一个罗波庙,</span>庙宇位于风光奇异的罗波潭边。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">罗波<span style="COLOR: black;">庙</span>位于广西武鸣县城东</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="公里" sourcevalue="22" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">22</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">公里</span></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的罗波镇小学西侧,其西北约</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="米" sourcevalue="50" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">50</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">米</span></chmetcnv><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">为罗波<span style="COLOR: black;">街墟</span>。<span style="COLOR: black;">庙坐</span>向为</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">辰山戌向,</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">单层三开间,为石基,砖墙、石柱、瓦面的砖木结构。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">现存的主建筑建于清代光绪二十五年,原来有三进,现保存完好的有二进。神像也在民国年间被毁,现在的神像是<span lang="EN-US">1999</span>年群众自发捐资重塑的。供奉<span style="COLOR: black;">的神祇</span>有<span style="COLOR: black;">“特掘</span>”、“<span style="COLOR: black;">佬仆</span>”、岑瑛、神农、观音、关公、岳飞、土地等。“特<span style="COLOR: black;">掘</span>”是罗波<span style="COLOR: black;">庙</span>供奉的主神。“特<span style="COLOR: black;">掘</span>”当地人也喊作“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">龙<span style="COLOR: black;">窟</span>”,由此可以说明罗波<span style="COLOR: black;">庙是一个龙神庙</span>。</span><font face="Times New Roman">
</font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">晚清至民国年间,武鸣本地文人及外地来武鸣做官<span style="COLOR: black;">的文士</span>,写有不少咏叹</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">龙<span style="COLOR: black;">窟</span>”的诗。最有名的就是清道光七年任思恩知府李彦章的《<span style="COLOR: black;">咏</span>龙<span style="COLOR: black;">窟潭</span>》:</span><font face="Times New Roman">
</font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“一壶天作九华开,</span><font face="Times New Roman">
</font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">面面清<span style="COLOR: black;">潭</span>印月来。龙<span style="COLOR: black;">藏</span>常时<span style="COLOR: black;">腾</span>剑气,</span><font face="Times New Roman">
</font><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">螭肠</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">何处<span style="COLOR: black;">选碑</span>材。云烟<span style="COLOR: black;">蒸蔚随神雨</span>,</span><font face="Times New Roman">
</font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">城郭荒唐<span style="COLOR: black;">托</span>鬼才。莫怪三山成<span style="COLOR: black;">缩</span>本,</span><font face="Times New Roman">
</font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">眼前真有海如<span style="COLOR: black;">杯</span>。”清代武鸣举人黄思让对</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">罗波<span style="COLOR: black;">潭</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“<span style="COLOR: black;">渊</span>底神龙<span style="COLOR: black;">仰月蟠</span>”很是<span style="COLOR: black;">赞慕</span>,也写有《罗波龙<span style="COLOR: black;">窟</span>》:“一泓溶<span style="COLOR: black;">漾渺</span>漫漫,<span style="COLOR: black;">渊</span>底神龙<span style="COLOR: black;">仰月蟠</span>;<span style="COLOR: black;">街竹照空沙</span>尾静,<span style="COLOR: black;">抢珠</span>潜隐水晶<span style="COLOR: black;">寒</span>。<span style="COLOR: black;">坡浮</span>落日<span style="COLOR: black;">铺红</span>縠,光映川<span style="COLOR: black;">枫浸碧澜</span>,</span><font face="Times New Roman">
</font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">莫道容身<span style="COLOR: black;">非禹浪</span>,一声雷震<span style="COLOR: black;">跃</span>云端。”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">横县也有盘古庙。横县南乡镇治所<span style="COLOR: black;">南</span><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="公里" sourcevalue="5" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US">5</span>公里</chmetcnv>的松柏<span style="COLOR: black;">伴</span>月村旁的丘陵,有盘古庙的遗址。盘古庙始建年代,<span style="COLOR: black;">废记</span>年代已不可考。每年<chsdate wst="on" year="2007" month="3" day="4" islunardate="True" isrocdate="False">农历正月十五日</chsdate>到盘古庙<span style="COLOR: black;">址</span><span lang="EN-US"> (1950</span>年停止,<span lang="EN-US">1995</span>年恢复<span style="COLOR: black;">庙诞</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span>的百姓<span style="COLOR: black;">有两万多人</span>,进行<span style="COLOR: black;">庙诞</span>活动的壮族、汉族百姓们说,我们是为了纪念盘古开天辟地造福于子孙后代,并教育子孙永世不忘。历代<span style="COLOR: black;">壮</span>人、汉人都怀念盘古这位开天辟地的英雄,只有这盘古庙<span style="COLOR: black;">诞</span>活动,才能说明盘古庙的兴衰及远古的神话对今人的微妙影响<span lang="EN-US"></span>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">读者<personname wst="on" productid="诸">诸</personname>君也许会感到奇怪,为什么笔者把桂中地区都归入大明山范围呢?正如笔者在前文所说的,<span style="COLOR: black;">桂中地区是一个陆内张裂的沉积盆地,</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">东部、西部、中部都有</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">不同方向的断裂带组成了桂中地区基底构造的基本格架。<span style="COLOR: black;">在这些不同方向的断裂带中,以</span></span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">南丹—河池—都安—马山—武鸣—上林—宾阳断裂带为桂中地区地势最高的地方,</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">此即大明山所在的山脉,而其他的</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">断裂带都源出大明山而且地势都比较低</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">。大明山—来宾— 象州隐伏断裂带为大明山的余脉,在风水中</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">,山脉<span style="COLOR: black;">即</span>龙脉,龙脉</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">隐伏所到之处,都跟最高山脉有关。风水格局讲究的是百里江山一瞬间,大明山的东麓过去就是<span style="COLOR: black;">迁</span>江来宾,</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;">因此,</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">来宾市所辖的象州、武宣、兴<span style="COLOR: black;">宾</span>、<span style="COLOR: black;">忻</span>城等区、县,<span style="COLOR: black;">贵港市所辖的桂平市,</span>柳州市所辖的柳州市区及柳江、<span style="COLOR: black;">融</span>安、鹿寨等县以及武鸣南宁</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">横县甚至更远的广东一带都可以和大明山有联系。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">明堂前面就是横<span style="COLOR: black;">洲</span>南宁,再往前就是“广东大海作明堂”。 </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">所以,在前文的明朝</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;">萧</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;">公<span style="COLOR: black;">题</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;">大明山</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">的风水留题中,就有这么几句:“</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;">横洲</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;">南宁作<span style="COLOR: black;">朝</span>案,<span style="COLOR: black;">迁江来宾降波毡。</span>”<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">正是大明山这个地区的风水<span style="COLOR: black;">形峦</span>格局决定了它周围的人文环境,因而在大明山地区</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">人们建有崇拜龙神的庙宇和盘古庙,在做法事时,</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">师公们<span style="COLOR: black;">仍以神唱</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span>第一人称<span lang="EN-US">)</span>的形式,歌颂盘古开天辟地和垂死化身的神话。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">人们对祖先盘古的崇敬程度达到了极致,把</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">盘古作为自己的祖宗来敬拜</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><p></p></span></p>
邯郸小孩
发表于 2010-7-3 10:55:00
楼主辛苦了,所说的详实入理,是原创吗?壮汉缘深呐,赞一个。
称最
发表于 2010-7-3 11:02:00
专家威力被发挥
越色僚人
发表于 2010-7-3 11:10:00
<p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="4">对于“蛊毒”的上述观点,我不敢苟同,且不论壮族龙蛇鳄鱼与后来的“龙”是否真有传承关系,在花山范围内的崖壁上刻任何现代的东西本来就是对古迹的直接破坏。<strong>就算在这样的古迹上刻上任何壮族的图腾、字样,也是应该反对的。</strong></font></span></span></p><p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="4">如果花山崖壁区保留下来的完整性受到这个新刻的、与原本的古老崖壁格格不入的“龙”字所破坏,那么花山崖壁景区整个价值也将会大打折扣,日后当地政府要将此古迹申报自治区级或国家甚至世界级的文化遗产,也将完全不再有可能了。</font></span><font face="Calibri"><font size="4"> </font><p><font size="4"></font></p></font></p><p><font size="4"></font></p><p><font size="4"></font></p><p><font size="4"></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font face="Calibri" size="4"></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><font size="4">为了一两个谁都没听过的艺术家赔上景区日后巨大的旅游经济潜力,请问对当地政府来说值得吗?</font></span></p>
[此贴子已经被作者于2010-7-3 11:13:14编辑过]
zhongqing
发表于 2010-7-9 10:14:00
<div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><div class="postlary1" style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5px;"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="WIDTH: 100%; TABLE-LAYOUT: fixed;"><tbody><tr><td class="td_a" valign="top" rowspan="1" width="22%"><div style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 30px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; HEIGHT: 30px; PADDING-TOP: 10px;"><div style="FILTER: glow(color='#A6BA98',strength='2'); WIDTH: 105px; FLOAT: left;"><font color="#ffb366" face="Verdana"><b>称最</b></font></div><div style="MARGIN-TOP: 3px; WIDTH: 23px; FLOAT: left;"><img alt="美女呀,离线,留言给我吧!" src="http://www.rauz.net.cn/bbs/skins/Default/ofFeMale.gif"/></div><div style="MARGIN-TOP: 8px; WIDTH: 15px; FLOAT: left; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px;"><script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"></script></div></div><div><img alt="" src="http://image2.sina.com.cn/ent/p/2004-12-14/u638p28t3d599092f358dt20041214163022.jpg" width="84" height="120"/></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><p>受教了,我是站在中国人的角度想。习惯了。</p>
蛊毒
发表于 2010-7-9 08:49:00
我在想,花山上面的图案在那时是政府批准后才画上去的吗?当时准备刻画的先人是否也受当时平民这样的刁难??如果一有平民刁难就不搞了,可能现在花山上面就是一片空白了。
称最
发表于 2010-7-9 19:10:00
<div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>蛊毒</i>在2010-7-9 8:50:06的发言:</b><br/>我在想,花山上面的图案在那时是政府批准后才画上去的吗?当时准备刻画的先人是否也受当时平民这样的刁难??如果一有平民刁难就不搞了,可能现在花山上面就是一片空白了。</div><p>花山上面的图案在当时应该就是"政府行为",普通平民应该没有这个本事搞那么大的场面.....</p><p>至于是否有平民刁难不知道,,,,,但有一点可以肯定,花山壁画没有破坏任何文化遗产任何人类文明.</p>