Ronghrib Doxhoenx萤火虫的战争
Daegbaengz hoiz
Bi 2006 cawzhah, gou youq Engglan Moq gvaqngoenz. Gyanghaemh youq gwnz diegnywj Engglan Moq, ndaej yawjraen haujlai ronghrib mbinfaenghfaengh. Sawqmwh gou naemj hwnjdaeuj, gou gaenq haujlai bi mbouj raen gvaq ronghrib lo. Youq gizdieg mboengqneix gou ciengzseiz youq he, cix mbouj miz ronghrib: youq ndawsingz Baekging cix mbouj yungh gangj, youq rogsingz Galifonia Baihnamz goj mbouj ndaej raen gij rizngaeuz ronghrib nauq. Gizsaed, mbouj rox vih gaiqmaz, youq Ameriga daj Kansas gvaq baihsae bae rangh de, cix noix ndaej raen ronghrib lo.
Vunzlai cungj rox ronghrib ok rongh dwg vihliux ragouh. Gyanghaemh duz youq gwnzmbwn Ameriga Baihbaek guhyienj feizdaeng de dwg duzboux ronghrib. Duzmeh ronghrib cix ndonj youq laj byozrum, baez yawjraen gij rongh duzboux, cix ok rongh guh han. Song de aeu gij rongh doxbae doxdauq guh lienzhaeh, cigdaengz duzboux ndaej rox gizdieg duzmeh le, cix mbin bae daengz henzndang de, cix hainduj dawzboux.
Daengxbiengz miz saek 2000 cungj ronghrib, youq Ameriga Baihbaek gij ronghrib lai raen de, dingzlai dwg song aen sug: cungj ndang lai iq, ok ronghhenj de dwg Sug Fodinas(Photinus), cungj ndang lai hung, ok ronghheu de dwg Sug Fodiuris(Photuris). Ronghrib mbouj caemh cungjloih de miz gij yienghsik ok rongh mbouj doxdoengz, gij saek rongh, gij seizgan dingjnanz, gij seizgan caxgek, gij soqbaez mebyap caeuq sangdaemq mbin doq mbouj doxdoengz. Ronghrib caemh aen sug de miz gij yienghndang doxlumj, gij yienghsik ok rongh de couhdwg aen yiengh(特征) youqgaenj he dawz daeuj doxfaen gyoengqde. Gij yienghsik ok rongh hawj duzboux duzmeh caemh cungjloih de ndaej dox roxnaj, mienxcij mbouj caemh cungjloih dawzboux doxgyau baenz haih. 进化生物学 heuh aen 现象 neix heuhguh “hengeb sengsanj(生殖隔离)”.
Youq Ameriga Baihbaek, cungj ronghrib ceiq raen lai de dwg cungj ronghrib ronghhenj, sugvah heuhguh “Baekdaeuj”, de ok ronghmyon henjheu. Duzboux dep deih bae mbin, baez 6 miux ok rongh baez ndeu, dingjnanz saek buenq miux, mwh ok rongh couh mbin doxhwnj, baenz aen cih “J” nei. Danghnaeuz duzmeh youq lajdeih yawjraen le, cix caj saek 2 miux yaeng ok ronghmeb baez ndeu dingjnanz saek buenq miux he guh han. Gij ronghrib cungjloih wnq miz gij yienghsik ok rongh mbouj doxdoengz: mbangj cungj caxgek 2~3 miux cix ok rongh dingjnanz 2~3 miux, mbangj cungj caxgek 3~4 miux cix ok 3 baez ronghmeb riuzrag(快速), mbangj cungj miz gij yienghsik lumjbaenz max Maws(莫尔斯电码) nei “diemj-veg”(mebyap riuz baez ndeu, yaeng mebyap dingjnanz baez ndeu….)
Danghnaeuz mwngz rox doenghgij yienghsik ok rongh, couh ndaej rox gij ronghrib mbinfaenghfaengh youq baihnaj mwngz he dwg cungj ronghrib lawz. Caemhcaiq, danghnaeuz mwngz dawz aen daengfwngz iq ei cungj yienghsik ok rongh duzboux cungj he, aiq ndaej yinx duzmeh cungj neix daeuj doxcaeuq gangjgoj lo.
Youq 60 nienzdaih seiqgeiq bae’gvaq, Haglaux Konneu(Cornell University) boux canghhag duznengz Loidd(James E. Lloyd) couh yungh aen lohsoq neix, aeu aen daengfwngz guh hongdawz daeuj canggaemh duzmeh ronghrib aen cungjloih de naemj aeu haenx. Mwhhaenx de yinx ronghrib ronghhenj lai, hoeng mizdi geizheih, duzmeh ronghrib ronghheu goj daeuj han gij ronghmeb de ei gij yienghsik ronghrib ronghhenj guh okdaeuj haenx. Vih gaiqmaz ni? Nanzdauh gij “hengeb sengsanj” song cungj ronghrib neix faenbied mbouj yienhda?
Handap youq gyanghaemh ngoenz 6 ndwen 4 bi 1965 ndaej ok. Mwhhaenx de youq Florida(Florida) cimhra cungj duzmeh ronghrib ronghhenj ndeu, aeu daengfwngz fat ok gij saenqhauh duzboux ronghrib cungj neix guh okdaeuj haenx( song baez mebyap riuz caxgek 2 miux he, 4~7 miux dauq baez ndeu), ndaej han’wngq haenq lai, byaij coh baez yawj, dwg duzmeh ronghrib ronghheu lai hung ndeu, hoeng gij saenqhauh duzboux ronghrib ronghheu guh okdaeuj haenx gig mbouj doxdoengz(3~5 miux ok ronghmeb baez ndeu). Loidd couh deq youq henz duzmeh neix ngonzyawj. Ndaw buenq aen cungjdaeuz neix, duzmeh neix yinx ndaej 12 duz duzboux ronghrib ronghhenj gvaqdaeuj, doeklaeng miz duzboux ndeu caeuq duzmeh neix doxvuenh geiq baez saenqhauh gvaq, couh dingz youq henz duzmeh neix. Cib geij miux doeklaeng, Loidd hai daengfwngz, yawjraen duzmeh ronghrib ronghheu neix cingq gaebdawz duzboux ronghrib ronghhenj haenx, nyaij baihlaeng duz de.
Dingzlai cungjloih duzlaux ronghrib gwn diengzmyok roxnaeuz mwnhmyok guh donq, roxnaeuz gijmaz doengj mbouj gwn. Hoeng duzmeh ronghrib ronghheu cix dwk hoenx saenqsik bae gaebdawz duzboux ronghrib cungj wnq guh’angq, neix dwg vih gaiqmaz ni? Cawz demlai yingzyangj caixvaih, lij miz maz yienzaen rox mbouj? Canghhag duznengz Eisna(Thomas Eisner) duh Haglaux Konneu doenggvaq saedniemh hawj aen handap vunzlai liuh mbouj daengz he.
Raeuz ngeixnaemj aen daez neix gonq: ronghrib youq ndaw ndaemlaep ok rongh, baenzneix mingzdajmingz laeuhlawq bonjndang, cix mbouj lau deng gaebdawz ma? Danghnaeuz gangj dwg vihliux ndiepgyaez mbouj lau dai, hoeng duzoiq caeuq gyaeq de caemh ok rongh mbouj dingz(caemhcaiq doenghgij duzlaux ronghrib mbouj ok rongh he, duzoiq caeuq gyaeq de goj ok rongh), neix youh dwg vih gaiqmaz ni? Yienzlai, gij gyaeq, duzoiq caeuq duzlaux ronghrib miz gij doeg lumj doeg gungqsou nei, duzroeg duzgyau cungj lau cungj doeg neix, ndigah okrongh gizsaed goj dwg cungj gingjgauq ndeu: gou miz doeg, gaej gwn gou!
Hoeng ronghrib ronghheu bonjfaenh cix mbouj ok cungj doeg neix, duzmeh de gaebgwn le duzboux ronghrib ronghhenj, gij doeg ndaw duzboux ronghrib ronghhenj couh cienjsenj gvaq ndang duzmeh ronghrib ronghheu bae, yaeng cienjsenj hawj gij gyaeq caeuq duzoiq ronghrib ronghheu. Ndigah, duzmeh ronghrib ronghheu canggaemh duzboux ronghrib ronghhenj, gwn de dwg vihliux aeu gij doeg guh cungqcax vaqhag bonjfaenh.
Duzboux ronghrib ronghheu bonjndang hix mbouj rox ok doeg, hoeng ndaw ndang de goj miz doeg. Gij doeg neix daj gizlawz daeuj ne? Canghhag duznengz ngeizvaeg gyoengqde singca aeu ndaej—youq gwnzmbwn cigciep gaebgwn duzboux ronghrib ronghhenj. Youq ndaw rugsaedniemh, duzboux ronghrib ronghheu rox gaebgwn duzboux ronghrib ronghhenj, youq gyangdoengh dwg mbouj dwg goj baenzneix, cix dwg aen maez lo.
Baihlaeng gij roxmanz(浪漫) ronghrib, bomz miz gij beiqmaed(秘密) baenzlai doegsieb, hoeng youh baenzlai geizmiuh(奇妙) ha!