[原创] 河池红水河流域铜鼓文化
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font face="楷体_GB2312"></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font face="楷体_GB2312"></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face="楷体_GB2312"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face="楷体_GB2312">图文整理/谭壮满</font></span></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font face="楷体_GB2312"></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font face="楷体_GB2312"></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font face="楷体_GB2312"></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font face="楷体_GB2312"></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">铜鼓是由新石器时代的陶釜演变而来的一种青铜器。出现于春秋时期的中国南方，到了汉代广布于中国南方和东南亚地区。铜鼓因具有敲奏的特性逐步从炊具演变成独立的乐器，亦用于指挥军队作战和传讯工具。后来，铜鼓逐渐被用于祭祀、娱乐活动，作为“重器”之一，成为财富、权力、吉祥、和谐的象征。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">铜鼓文化是指铜鼓铸造、使用、收藏及所演绎和伴生的相关生活习俗及文化活动的总和。铜鼓文化是中国南方和东南亚一些国家诸多民族古代文明的共同载体，也是历史上共同连结的重要纽带。目前，铜鼓的使用，在中国南方和东南亚地区大多已退出历史舞台，只留下某些遗迹和历史的回忆。但在广西河池市境内仍然比较完整地保存着使用铜鼓的古老习俗，成为绵延千古的“活化石”。河池铜鼓文化历史悠久。目前，河池市出土最早的铜鼓是宜州冲英铜鼓，据专家考证，属冷水冲型早期铜鼓，该类型铜鼓，最早出现在汉代。另据《宋史》记载，宋淳化元年（</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">990</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年），有河池地方土官向宋王朝贡献方物，其中有铜鼓三面。由此可知，至迟在汉代，居住在今河池一带的僚人就已崇拜并且使用了铜鼓。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><p></p></font></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 说起铜鼓文化，不得不提到红水河。红水河是珠江流域西江水系的干流，发源于云南省沾益县的马雄山，称南盘江，流至贵州省望谟县与北面而来的北盘江相汇，始称红水河，最后在广西象州县石龙镇汇入柳江，全长</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman"> 659</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">公里，流域面积</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">4.379</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">万平方公里。红水河因流经红色砂贝岩层，水色红褐得名。红水河由黔入桂，自西而东横穿广西中部，途径河池市的天峨、南丹、东兰、巴马、都安、大化</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">6</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">个县，在河池市境内长</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">458.6</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">公里，占总长</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">70</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">％，流域面积</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">1.8</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">万平方公里，占总流域面积</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">41.1</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">％。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 河池市红水河流域是迄今为止我国发现铜鼓数量和保存使用铜鼓习俗最多的地区之一，也是河池铜鼓文化资源的富聚集区。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">2003</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年，为配合国家文化部实施“广西红水河流域铜鼓艺术保护工程”，河池市文化、文物部门再次对全市铜鼓现状进行普查，全市铜鼓数量为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">1458</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">面，与同期全国文博、科研机构馆藏铜鼓数量</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">1460</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">面相当。民间收藏数量为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">1388</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">面。主要分布在天峨、南丹、东兰、巴马、大化、都安等县。民间节日庆典、喜丧仪式、宗教祭祀活动中普遍使用铜鼓。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 河池市红水河流域是整个红水河流域铜鼓文化孕育和发展的主要区域。各民族在长期的历史进程中形成了相互依存、共同发展的关系，创造了以铜鼓文化为代表的包括歌谣文化、稻作文化、蚂拐文化、奇石文化、砂纸文化、宣纸文化、长寿文化、红色文化等多元性、独特性为一体的民族文化遗产。密洛陀古歌、瑶族分架、瑶族喊歌、壮族山歌世代传唱；壮族扁担舞、蚂拐舞、瑶族铜鼓舞生生不息；铜鼓铸造工艺、砂纸工艺、瑶绣工艺源远流长；壮族蚂拐舞、瑶族祝著节等民俗活动丰富多彩。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 河池市红水河流域铜鼓文化蕴含着河池各民族特有的精神财富，是河池各民族智慧的结晶，也是中华民族乃至全人类文明的瑰宝。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体;"><a href="http://photo.blog.sina.com.cn/showpic.html#blogid=66a0418e0100im9l&url=http://static13.photo.sina.com.cn/orignal/66a0418eg88410f8cc2dc" target="_blank"><img title="河池市红水河流域铜鼓文化" height="453" alt="河池市红水河流域铜鼓文化" src="http://static13.photo.sina.com.cn/middle/66a0418eg88410f8cc2dc&690" width="690" name="image_operate_5161181018597187" real_src="http://static13.photo.sina.com.cn/middle/66a0418eg88410f8cc2dc&690" style="WIDTH: 690px; HEIGHT: 453px;"/></a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span><p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><br/><br/><br/>[此贴子已经被作者于2010-10-27 11:42:17编辑过] 要有小点的买个放家里多美啊! 从颜色和花纹来看都像是复制品。 铜鼓,如图:<div><br/></div><img src="attachments/dvbbs/2010-10/2010102722593560343.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /><br/> 这个是复制品还是原生品呢？看起来好新。 <div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>伤疤好咯</i>在2010-10-27 23:06:51的发言：</b><br/>这个是复制品还是原生品呢？看起来好新。</div><p>是新的。。。定做要一万块。。。东兰有。。。或在南宁民主路。。。巴马土特闪有的买。。门口就有摆书另外 卖。。。在火车站坐7路车。。。到民主路口不远。。就看到门口挂着铜鼓</p> <div class="msgheader">QUOTE:</div><div class="msgborder"><b>以下是引用<i>毛毛虫</i>在2010-10-28 9:10:07的发言：</b><br/>要有小点的买个放家里多美啊!<img title="僚人家园" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.rauz.net.cn/bbs/Skins/Default/emot/em01.gif" align="middle" border="0" style="CURSOR: pointer;"/></div><p><strong><font size="4">有工艺品铜鼓啊！</font></strong></p> <p>这个铜鼓中心的太阳纹是石寨山型，周围以圆圈纹，眼纹、游旗纹、花朵纹和鸟纹为主，其中游旗纹和花朵纹和鸟纹是西盟型。立蹲蛙纹已经简化~~</p><p>
</p> 那个金色的鼓太强大了
页:
[1]