研究人员称 亚洲人群起源于大陆最南端
<div><br/></div><div><br/></div><div><br/></div><div><br/></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; border-collapse: collapse; color: rgb(83, 83, 83); line-height: 22px; "><br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "/><div style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Simsun; font-size: 12px; "><h1 id="artibodyTitle" pid="1" tid="1" did="19395980" fid="1666" style="word-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-size: 20px; line-height: 35px; background-image: url(http://bbs.cantonese.asia/images/Beijing2008/forumbox_head.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; background-attachment: initial; -webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(3, 0, 92); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-weight: normal; height: 35px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; text-align: center; font-family: 黑体; background-position: 0px 0px; ">研究人员称 亚洲人群起源于大陆最南端</h1><div class="artInfo" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 14px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 10px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-size: 12px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; text-align: center; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; "> <span id="pub_date" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; ">2010年01月04日15:21</span> <span id="media_name" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; color: rgb(204, 0, 0); "><a href="http://xmwb.news365.com.cn/kjw/201001/t20100104_2579841.htm" target="_blank" style="word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(204, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; line-height: normal; ">新民晚报</a><a href="http://xmwb.news365.com.cn/kjw/201001/t20100104_2579841.htm" target="_blank" style="word-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(204, 0, 0); text-decoration: none; line-height: normal; "></a></span></div><div class="blkContainerSblkCon blkContainerSblkCon_16" id="artibody" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 23px; margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-size: 14px; "><p style="word-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; line-height: 26px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-size: 16px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 26px; "><br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "/></span></p><p style="word-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; line-height: 26px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-size: 16px; "> 本报讯(记者董纯蕾)现代人类最初是从哪个方向进入我们今天生活的这片土地？科研人员用计算生物学的方法，让现在的基因数据回答了史前的问题，答案是南方。</p><p style="word-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; line-height: 26px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-size: 16px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 26px; "><br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "/></span></p><p style="word-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; line-height: 26px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-size: 16px; "> 「东亚人群来自南方，整个亚洲都是如此。现代人类走出非洲，到达亚洲的落脚点，是亚洲大陆的最南端。亚洲人最初的一次迁徙，也从这里出发。」国际人类基因组组织——泛亚SNP计划协作组的90多位研究人员，为亚洲人的南方起源假说找到了确凿的证据。国际顶级学术杂志《科学》发表了这一关于亚洲人群遗传多样性研究的最新成果，本版去年11月12日的报道《亚洲人群间基因交流很频繁》也披露了这一信息。</p><p style="word-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; line-height: 26px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-size: 16px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 26px; "><br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "/></span></p><p style="word-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; line-height: 26px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-size: 16px; "> 论文的两位共同通讯作者——马普学会计算生物学伙伴研究所所长、复旦大学副校长金力教授，计算生物学所徐书华副研究员，日前接受专访，为公众深入解读第一张亚洲人群遗传多样性图谱。</p><p style="word-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; line-height: 26px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-size: 16px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 26px; "><br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "/></span></p><p style="word-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; line-height: 26px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-size: 16px; "> <strong style="word-wrap: break-word; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; font-size: 16px; ">三四万年前老祖宗开始北迁</strong></p><p style="word-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; line-height: 26px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-size: 16px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 26px; "><b style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "><br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "/></b></span></p><p style="word-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; line-height: 26px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-size: 16px; "> 根据学术界目前普遍认可的「人类非洲起源说」，现代人类的老祖宗，大约于距今10万年前，第一次走出非洲。据估算，那时的人口总数不到1万，其中走出非洲的不会超过50人。金力风趣地说，正是这些「不安于现状的少数出走者」，在漫长的迁徙和繁衍中，将人类的活动范围边缘不断扩大。</p><p style="word-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; line-height: 26px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-size: 16px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 26px; "><br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "/></span></p><p style="word-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; line-height: 26px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-size: 16px; "> 「泛亚SNP计划」的第一期研究成果证实，人类到达亚洲后，逐渐展开了一场由南至北的大迁徙。这大约发生在距今3～4万年前，也就是第三次冰川期和第四次冰川期之间的间冰期，气候相对温暖，但比现在冷一些。那时的中南半岛，海平面要比现在低200～400米——现在的南太平洋岛屿，那时与陆地相连，人们可以从那里北迁到亚洲大陆的其他地方。</p><p style="word-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; line-height: 26px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-size: 16px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 26px; "><br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "/></span></p><p style="word-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; line-height: 26px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-size: 16px; "> <strong style="word-wrap: break-word; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; font-size: 16px; ">基因「泄露」史前人类迁徙路线</strong></p><p style="word-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; line-height: 26px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-size: 16px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 26px; "><b style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "><br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "/></b></span></p><p style="word-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; line-height: 26px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-size: 16px; "> 这些发生在史前的迁徙事件，没有史书记载，「泄露者」竟然是今人的遗传信息。徐书华告诉记者，早在人类基因组计划(HGP)实施过程中，科学家就发现，人和人之间的基因是有差异的，而这种差异在不同人群中出现的频率，可以成为比较人群和人群遗传亲缘关系、乃至推算人群分化年代的尺度。</p><p style="word-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; line-height: 26px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-size: 16px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: 26px; "><br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "/></span></p><p style="word-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; line-height: 26px; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-size: 16px; "> 泛亚SNP计划在近4年里收集了70多个亚洲代表人群的1700多例样本，对每个样本检测了近6万个基因位点，经过海量的数据分析比对后，一条亚洲最初的迁徙路线由此逐渐「浮出水面」。比较亚洲各地区人群的遗传多样性，南方较高，北方较低；比较这些人群的遗传组分，南方人群更接近于古非洲人群，北方人群相对较远——南亚人的祖先古老些，北亚人的祖先晚近些。这意味着：亚洲人最初的迁徙，是从南向北的。「因此，虽然黄河文明早于长江文明，但在没有文明之前，我们的先人，是先过了长江再过黄河的。」金力如是说。</p></div></span></div><div style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "><br style="word-wrap: break-word; line-height: normal; "/></div></span></div><div><br/></div><div><br/></div><div><br/></div><div><br/></div><div><br/></div> 现代人类走出非洲——还是非洲中心论。
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