蛊毒 发表于 2007-5-28 15:41:00

黄世杰:壮族的母亲河是红水河,父亲山是大明山”

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">大明山有厚重的历史底蕴,</span><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">《山海经•</span></strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">大荒南经》卷一五记载有“</span><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">氾天之山”,据笔者考证,《山海经•</span></strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">大荒南经》中的“</span><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">氾天之山”指的就是现在的大明山:<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">“有阿山者。南海之中,有</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">氾</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">天之山,赤水穷焉。赤水之东,有苍梧之野,舜与叔均之所葬也。”<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">这条文献记载的“氾天”与同书《山海经•</span></strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">西山经</span><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">》</span></strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">卷二“</span><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">赤水出焉,而东南流注于氾天之水。”的“氾天”为同一地方,</span></strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">为山名</span><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">上古传说中所谓的“苍梧之野”在今广西东北、湖南南部与广东西北部,那里有一座大山即九嶷山,</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">相传舜葬于此。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">《淮南子•修务训》卷一九说,舜“南征三苗,道死苍梧”。《史记•五帝本纪》也说舜“代尧践帝位三十九年,南巡狩,崩于苍梧之野。葬于江南九疑,是为零陵。”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">赤水在《山海经》中是一个重要的地理分界河流。按张国光先生考证,赤水的关系位置为发源于昆仑高原,东南流而归入南海的纵流大川,其东有三苗国及舜葬之野,其西有厌火国,其滨海处,产有三珠树。从这些条件看来</span></strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">……<strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">古代赤水下游即为盘江,而红水河之名,显然是古代赤水之遗影(</span></strong></span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">张国光,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">1986</font></span><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">)。盘江的下游就是现在的红水河。从地理分布来看,</span></strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">九嶷山确实在红水河的东部。而</span><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">所谓“赤水穷焉”,就是“赤水流极于此山也”,由于是大荒之南,地域已确定在南方。翻开中国地形图不难发现,在中国的南方</span></strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">由西部流入南海的大河,又在苍梧之野的西面,只能是今珠江</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">。珠江</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">发源于云南省沾益县的南盘江,在贵州省望谟县蔗香村与北盘江汇合起</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">至柳江流入珠江这一段,古称红水河。例如《皇朝通志》记载说:“南盘江亦名红水。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">……</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">北盘江出其北。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">……</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">联合总名红水河。”清爱必达《黔南识略</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">•</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">贞丰》也说:“(南)盘江即红水河,其水四时皆赤,故曰红江。”同书《兴义府》又说:</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(南盘江)经郡(兴义府――今安龙县)城南谓之红水江,亦曰巴皓河。经册亨亦曰八渡河,划黔粤界,会北盘江入粤达于海”(杜文铎,</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1992</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">)。流经云贵高原的红水河呈东北—西南向,</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">流经广西的西林、隆林、田林和贵州的兴义、安龙、册亨、望漠以及天峨、</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">南丹、东兰、巴马、都安、马山、忻城、合山、来宾至象州县西南石龙镇三江口,与北来的柳江汇合后称黔江。在</span><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">红水河流经的</span></strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">苍梧之野的西面即都安、马山、忻城、合山、来宾至象州县这一带</span><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">附近符合上述条件的大山只有一座,那就是在桂中的大明山,由此可证,《山海经•</span></strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">大荒南经》中记载的“</span><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">氾天之山”就是指大明山。</span></strong></p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">天这个名词,在中国上古是极为神圣的专门名称,所谓氾</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">天,就是漫天的意思,大概是指大明山山体高大,耸入云天,并与天相连了。</span><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">另一方面,</span></strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">赤水在古代被古人视为帝之神泉,如《淮南子·地形训》:“河水出昆仑东北陬,贯渤海,入禹所导积石山。赤水出其东南陬,西南注南海,丹泽之东。赤水之东,弱水出自穷石,至于合黎,余波入于流沙,绝流沙南至于海。洋水出其西北陬,入于南海羽民之南——凡此四水者帝之神泉,以和百药,以润万物。”而大明山就位于帝之神泉的赤水(红水河)傍边。而</span><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">远古时期居住在大明山周围的居民主要是百越民族中的西瓯和骆越族裔。</span></strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">在</span><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">《山海经•</span></strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">大荒南经》关于大明山古为“</span><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">氾天之山”</span></strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">和</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">《淮南子·地形训》把赤水视为帝之神泉</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">的记载,透露了大明山在壮族先民心目中可能是一座神山天梯的信息,也印证了古笛的</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">“壮族的母亲河是红水河,父亲山是<span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">大明山”之语是正确的。</span></span>

粤西土著 发表于 2007-5-28 17:53:00

<p>《山海经》比较复杂,使用该谨慎。最好是先摆了证据再去论证,而不是先入为主地认为“<span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">氾天之山”就是大明山,等等。</span></p><p><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></p>

粤西土著 发表于 2007-5-28 18:01:00

不知道大家有没有算过命。感觉算命先生说的话总是很有道理。其实,他说的话具有普遍性(比如说什么“性格内外兼有”之类)。读《山海经》也有这样的感觉:除了可以确定的几条河流和山脉之外,别的都很摸棱两可的。

度莫 发表于 2007-5-28 18:29:00

<strong>《山海经》俺都读不懂!</strong>

土著虎尾 发表于 2007-5-28 23:07:00

壮族的母亲河是红水河,赞同.

萧萧瑟瑟 发表于 2007-5-29 09:20:00

应该是左右江吧?那才是流经僚区人口和面积之最的River,应该更具代表性。
[此贴子已经被作者于2007-5-29 9:22:52编辑过]

湖边漫步 发表于 2007-5-30 11:36:00

有道理
页: [1]
查看完整版本: 黄世杰:壮族的母亲河是红水河,父亲山是大明山”