路漫 发表于 2003-1-14 16:49:00

网友自学壮文学堂(一)

[这个贴子最后由路漫在 2003/01/16 09:42am 编辑]<br><br> 学堂“放假”了一段时间,今天又要开学了!<br>因为大家的壮文程度不一,采用“规范”的教材难以调合众口,听取了多人的意见,加上笔者以前自学壮文的体会,自学壮文应以多读为主,通过“读”来认“字”,积少成多、熟能生巧,最终达到自如运用壮文目的。为了适应不同自学者的兴趣,“教材”采取“三文教学”方式,“三文”指拼音壮文、壮读汉文、意译汉文。学习后,提倡讨论、质疑、倡议等,活跃学习气氛。<br>因此,为了提高学习效果,请大家多多参与讨论。<br>第一课 &nbsp; &nbsp; 课文<br>拼音壮文 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;壮读汉文 &nbsp; &nbsp; 壮意直译 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 汉文意译<br>Mbauq: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;旄: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 男青年: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 男:<br>Goengq &nbsp;bya &nbsp;sang youh sang &nbsp; 巩岜桑又桑 &nbsp;一座山高又高 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;那山那岭高上天,<br>Mauxdan hai gwnz dat &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;牡丹开埂达 &nbsp;牡丹开在岩石上 &nbsp; &nbsp;顶上有花是牡丹;<br>Da yawj sim cix ndat &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;打狖心茲靹 &nbsp;眼睛看见心里热 &nbsp; &nbsp;看在眼中心里热,<br>Dawz ndaem bat cix nanz &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 嘚揇叭茲难 &nbsp;拿种盆里就是难 &nbsp; &nbsp;看花容易种花难。<br>Sau: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;娋: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;女青年: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;女:<br>Roen bya miz raemxraiz &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;温岜眉淋唻 &nbsp;山路有露水 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;前面山路露水多,<br>Guh gouh haiz soengq beix &nbsp; &nbsp; 罟芶鞋送贝 &nbsp;做双鞋送兄 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;做双布鞋送哥哥;<br>Yaek daemh oen hix ndaej &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;抈踲芠也礼 &nbsp;想要踩莿也可 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;倘若有心踏刺蓬,<br>Haizdaej geng youh na &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 鞋底勥又搻 &nbsp;鞋底硬朗又厚 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;妹的鞋底三寸多。<br>词解(明显的汉借词不列入):<br>mbauq旄 ; 男青年 &nbsp; goengq巩 ; 座(山的量词) &nbsp; &nbsp;bya 岜;山、石山 &nbsp;<br>sang桑;高 &nbsp;gwnz埂;上面 &nbsp;dat达;岩石da打;眼睛 &nbsp; yawj狖;看 &nbsp; ndat靹;热<br>dawz嘚;拿、把 &nbsp;ndaem揇;种 &nbsp; bat叭;盆 cix茲;就、却 sau娋;女青年 &nbsp;<br>roen温;路 &nbsp;miz眉;有 &nbsp; raemxraiz淋唻;露水 &nbsp; &nbsp;guh罟;做 &nbsp; gouh芶;双、对 <br>beix贝;兄 &nbsp; yaek抈;将、想要 &nbsp; daemh踲;踩 &nbsp; oen芠;刺 &nbsp; ndaej礼;得;可以 &nbsp;<br>geng勥;硬 &nbsp; na搻;厚<br>讨论:一、因为“古壮字”没有字库,无法使用,故此处所用系本人推荐,如有更好的汉字可替代,欢迎大家推出,以后可作规范使用。<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;二、您当地的方言如另有读音或词汇的,也请举出,以便扩充壮语的词汇。

sunqin 发表于 2003-1-14 17:42:00

路漫老师,这种教学方式太好了。真的我全看懂了,跟百色地区的壮话非常一样,还想多看这样的文章,这样我的壮语将很快复习过来,“扫盲”有望了。非常感谢!!!老师新年好!

季人 发表于 2003-1-15 09:03:00

没能全念出来,看来和我们上林方言还是有些区别。<br>建议有心的贝侬把课文做成有声教材,就像芒果树下贝侬的“田阳话flash”。<p>先上班,具体词句疑问回头再请教。:)

路漫 发表于 2003-1-15 11:56:00

供季人贝侬参考:<br>与上林壮语方言有区别的词:goengq巩(cuh座,括号中系上林方言,下同);yawj狖(ngonz罨);roen温(loh路);oen芠(vaen芠)<br>

sunqin 发表于 2003-1-15 14:35:00

我的壮话是在凌云、平果、田阳三各地方学的,所以壮话的音调比较杂一些,但与标准壮语的发音基本相同,但也有一些区别,例如“糖”字,标准壮语读dangj而我知道则读dwng,但基本读标准壮语没有交流上的问题,这里我列举一些我知道壮字词(直的不知道自己是在那里学的),供大家交流指正:<br>矮——读dwmx<br>高——读sangx<br>长——读leip<br>短——读dinx<br>扁平——读bemx<br>冷——读ndix<br>热——读ndanx<br>高兴——读angk<br>疯狂——读mangk<br>枫树——读meilou<br>男——读saiz<br>女——读souh<br>公(动物)——读teh<br>母(动物)——读suoh<br>黄色——读henk<br>红色——读ndinz<br>黑色——读ndemz<br>天黑——读lwmd<br>火——读fip<br>燃烧——读lemk<br>壮文刚学,觉得音调特别难标,上述字词贝侬们是怎么读?同时给我也列举其他一些常用字词的读法吗?<br>

路漫 发表于 2003-1-15 17:29:00

您的读法确实复杂,不知音节后面的字母是不是调号?如是,则与标准壮文差异很大。如k d 是不能当调号的。壮文六个舒声音第一调不标,后面依次是z、j、x、q、h<br>您列举的词,标准壮文依次是daemq &nbsp;sang &nbsp;raez &nbsp;dinj &nbsp;benj &nbsp;ndit &nbsp;ndat &nbsp;angq &nbsp;mangx &nbsp;faexraeu &nbsp;sai &nbsp;sau &nbsp;daeg &nbsp;meh &nbsp;henj &nbsp;ndaem &nbsp;fuemx &nbsp;feiz &nbsp;coemh(remj)

葛魏巍 发表于 2003-1-16 11:43:00

如果用国际音标就好了

sunqin 发表于 2003-1-16 15:02:00

路漫老师,我的列的字词音节后面是调号,确实我都是凭自己的感觉标的,“黑”可能是我记错了,其他读音还是相似的,有问题请教,关于壮文的调号的问题,六个舒声音第一调不标,后面依次是z、j、x、q、h 这个问题我觉得比较好处理,但我对高声组p、t、k,低声组b、d、g,这六音调不知他们干什么用,怎么用?这六个调怎么拼读?<br>

路漫 发表于 2003-1-16 15:57:00

所谓高低音組是对塞声而言,它们与舒声音組的调号没有任何关系。塞声音組也不标调号,它们音节后面的字母(p t k b d g)实际是音节的组成部分,如ak噁;强、有能力 &nbsp; <br>ok喔;出去 &nbsp;ik亿;亿 &nbsp;uk嗚;脑 &nbsp;rog咯;外面 &nbsp;roeg鵦;鸟 &nbsp;dik踢;踢 &nbsp;bak兡;口、嘴巴 等等

sunqin 发表于 2003-1-16 16:34:00

路漫老师,我明白了,终于知道什么是“塞音”,原来字母(p t k b d g)是音节的组成部分,您列的字词与我知道的,读音一样。非常感谢,有机会去南宁一定去拜访您,您喝酒吗?lumanzlaujsei , mwengz gwn lou lwi ?这样写对吗?<br>

路漫 发表于 2003-1-16 16:56:00

您的那句壮文,规范的写法应是:Luman(两个词都是第一调) “老师”如果写的是新借词,则写成laujswh 如果写的是老借词,则写成lauxsae &nbsp;mwngz(mwengz 韵母wng 没有长音) laeuj(lou 应是第三调 &nbsp;韵母用aeu 不用ou ) &nbsp;<br>Luman lauxsae,mwngz gwn laeuj lwi?<br>欢迎您的到来!

红棉树 发表于 2003-1-16 21:19:00

感谢路漫老师开启的壮文学堂。在这里学习的贝侬们大都是有壮语方言基础的,所以这样的教学方式很好。希望各地的贝侬都可以通过自己母语与标准语的对照方式进行自学。

lozmingz 发表于 2003-1-29 14:55:00

路漫贝侬,你能办我分辨一下第4调和第6调有什么不同吗?

路漫 发表于 2003-2-14 11:02:00

春节放假,都是匆匆上网浏览一下就下了,没有及时回复Lozmingz的提问,实在对不起,请原谅!<br>第四调和第六调,调值第四调是中降,第六调是中平,下面列出一些词汇,请你慢慢拼读慢慢体会:<br>dox 围裙 &nbsp;doh度 &nbsp;rongx吼 &nbsp; rongh光亮 &nbsp; raix倒(水) &nbsp;raih爬 &nbsp;lix舌头 &nbsp;linh穿山甲<br>dungx肚子 &nbsp;dungh(晒谷的)竹席 &nbsp; ciengx养 &nbsp; ciengh匠 &nbsp; &nbsp;rox知道 &nbsp;roh漏 &nbsp;……<br>有不明白的,下次再谈。

尼斯湖怪 发表于 2003-6-18 16:40:00

ndat靹;热 <br>如果按照我们那边的壮华来说,这个读音的意思不是热,而是“烫”的意思!~<br>而“热”是读“赤”是J发音!~

路漫 发表于 2003-7-1 11:49:00

推荐使用的壮语词汇也有cik(赤)这个词,按我的理解,“ndat靹;热”似乎比“cik赤”热的程度低一些,后者有近“炽热”之意。

闻多 发表于 2004-1-4 11:53:00

塞声音組不标调号如何区分读音呢?如9楼的例字,K尾分作三组:<br>/ak噁;强、有能力 /、 <br>/ok喔;出去 bak兡;口、嘴巴 /、<br>/ ik亿;亿 &nbsp;uk嗚;脑 dik踢;踢 &nbsp;/ ,<br>组内同音,但三组之间是不同音的。<p>rog咯;外面 和 roeg鵦;鸟 &nbsp;也是不同音的。<p>另外,k尾和g尾是如何选定的?

红棉树 发表于 2004-1-4 18:56:00

壮语标准语的塞音调类有两个,而有的方言塞音调类多达4个,因此会出现对不上的情况。不过,壮语的标准音第7调(塞音调类)里,长音和短音的调值是不一样的,长音的时候为升调的 35,短音的时候为平调的 55,即光从调值去看的话,标准语的塞音调有三个。如:<p>第七调(长音) k / p / t <br>mak(水果) rap(挑) dat(山崖)<p>第七调(短音) k / p / t <br>raek(断) daep(肝) caet(七)<p>第八调(长音/短音) g / b / d <br>mag(饱满) maeg(墨)<br>gab(夹)gaeb(捕捉)<br>bied(箩筐) bid(蝉)

duhand 发表于 2004-1-5 09:29:00

[这个贴子最后由duhand在 2004/01/05 10:46am 编辑]<br><br>goengq巩 ; 座(山的量词)=&gt;gonj &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<br>bya 岜;山、石山=&gt;bla(标准壮文未收录bl) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<br>da打;眼睛=ra &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <br>yawj狖;看=&gt;yomq <br>guh罟;做=&gt;gvog &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <br>yaek抈;将、想要=&gt;yeag<br>daemh踲;踩=&gt;daemh,caij &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <br>geng勥;硬=&gt;ndangj&#59;geng(用的较少)

duhand 发表于 2004-1-5 10:24:00

[这个贴子最后由duhand在 2004/01/05 10:59am 编辑]<br><br>矮——读daemq &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <br>高——读sang<br>长——读reiz<br>短——读dinj <br>扁平——读bej<br>冷——读ndit<br>热——读ndat <br>高兴——读angq,aeng,mwih<br>疯狂——读maengq,vangh <br>枫树——读mbawjrou <br>男——读sai,daeg<br>女——读sau,dax,mwk<br>公(动物)——读daeg,gong<br>母(动物)——读soh,meh <br>黄色——读henj<br>红色——读hongz &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <br>黑色——读ndaem &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <br>天黑——读laep &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<br>火——读fwiz &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<br>燃烧——读gam &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <br>以上是我的方言
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